Tuesday, September 25, 2018

Materi Tentang Adverbial Clause


1.      Definition of Adverbial Clause
Marcella Frank (1962-234) Adverbial clause are usually classified according to the meaning of the conjunctions that introduce them.
Betty Schrampfer Azar (2000-88) Adverb clause are dependent clause. They cannot stand alone as a sentence in written English. They must be connected to an independent clause.
2.      Function of Adverbial Clauses
Most types of adverbial clause are considered as modifying thr verb of the main clause, some more loosely than others. A few types, such as clauses of time or clauses of place, are sometimes interpreted as modifiers of the entire sentence.
3.      Types of Adverbial ClausesFrank (1962 : 235-269)”
Ø  Clauses of Time
Conjunction
Use
Example
As
While
When
Whenever
To say that things happen at the same time
As I was driving down the street, I saw Susan
When
Before
After
To say that things happen one after another
When he finished his test, he left the room
As soon as
Once
To say that one thing happens quickly after another
Please feed the dog as soon as you get home
Until
To say that something continues up to the time when something else happens
You must stay  in class until you finish your essay
Since
To say that something happens between a point in the past and the present
I’ve seen a lot of the city since I came here
Ø  Clauses of Cause
·         Conjunction
Because
As now
Whereas
Inasmuch as
As long as
On the ground
Example : they had to move because their building was to be torn down.
Ø  Clauses of Purpose
·         Conjunction
In order that
So that
In the hope that
example : We saved a lot of money in order that we could take a long vacation
Ø  Clauses of Contrast
We use adverb clause of contrast to show that two ideas differ, often in an unexpected or unusual way. We introduce them with the following clause markers
·         Conjunction
Although       
Even though             
Though                      
Whereas        
While
Example : Jim has dark hair, while his brother has light hair
Ø  Clauses of Condition
Clause of Condition show that one thing depends on another. We use these markers to introduce clauses of condition.
·         Conjunction
Even if            
in case            
unless
If                                 
only if             
whether or not
Example : I’ll stay in bed if I don’t go to class
Ø  Clause of exception
A clause of exception is  introduced by a conjunction that is equivalent to if it were not (for the fact) that and therefore may be interpreted as a kind of negative condition
·         Conjunction  
Expect that
But that
Save that
Only that
Beyond that
Other than that
Example : the building would have already been finished except that a trucking strike had delayed delivery of some materials.
But that his assailant’s pistol failed to fire, he would surely be dead now.
Ø  Clauses of manner
·         Conjunction
As if
As though
As
Example : they all treat him as if he were a king
Ø  Clauses of Degree
·         Conjunction
As + adj. or adv . . . As
Example : The new machine is just as efficient as the old one
Ø  Clauses of Comparison
Clauses of Comparison are usually in final position, with no commas preceding them. Occasionally a clause of comparison appears in initial position for emphasis or for a particular stylistic effect
*      Reference
Frank, Marcella. a practical reference guide. 1962.








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