1.
Definition
of Adverbial Clause
Marcella
Frank (1962-234) Adverbial clause are usually classified according to the
meaning of the conjunctions that introduce them.
Betty
Schrampfer Azar (2000-88) Adverb clause are dependent clause. They cannot stand
alone as a sentence in written English. They must be connected to an
independent clause.
2.
Function of Adverbial Clauses
Most types of
adverbial clause are considered as modifying thr verb of the main clause, some
more loosely than others. A few types, such as clauses of time or clauses of
place, are sometimes interpreted as modifiers of the entire sentence.
3.
Types of Adverbial Clauses ”Frank (1962 : 235-269)”
Ø Clauses of Time
Conjunction
|
Use
|
Example
|
As
While
When
Whenever
|
To say that things
happen at the same time
|
As I was driving down
the street, I saw Susan
|
When
Before
After
|
To say that things
happen one after another
|
When he finished his
test, he left the room
|
As soon as
Once
|
To say that one thing
happens quickly after another
|
Please feed the dog as
soon as you get home
|
Until
|
To say that something
continues up to the time when something else happens
|
You must stay in class until you finish your essay
|
Since
|
To say that something
happens between a point in the past and the present
|
I’ve seen a lot of the
city since I came here
|
Ø Clauses of Cause
·
Conjunction
Because
As
now
Whereas
Inasmuch
as
As
long as
On
the ground
Example : they had to move because
their building was to be torn down.
Ø Clauses of Purpose
·
Conjunction
In order that
So that
In the hope that
example
: We saved a lot of money in order that we could take a long vacation
Ø Clauses of Contrast
We
use adverb clause of contrast to show that two ideas differ, often in an
unexpected or unusual way. We introduce them with the following clause markers
·
Conjunction
Although
Even though
Though
Whereas
While
Example : Jim has dark hair, while
his brother has light hair
Ø Clauses of Condition
Clause
of Condition show that one thing depends on another. We use these markers to
introduce clauses of condition.
·
Conjunction
Even
if
in
case
unless
If
only
if
whether
or not
Example : I’ll stay in bed if I don’t go
to class
Ø Clause
of exception
A
clause of exception is introduced by a
conjunction that is equivalent to if it were not (for the fact) that and
therefore may be interpreted as a kind of negative condition
·
Conjunction
Expect
that
But
that
Save
that
Only
that
Beyond
that
Other
than that
Example
: the building would have already been finished except that a trucking
strike had delayed delivery of some materials.
But that
his assailant’s pistol failed to fire, he would surely be dead now.
Ø Clauses
of manner
·
Conjunction
As
if
As
though
As
Example : they all treat him as if he were
a king
Ø Clauses
of Degree
·
Conjunction
As
+ adj. or adv . . . As
Example : The new machine is just as efficient as the old one
Ø Clauses
of Comparison
Clauses
of Comparison are usually in final position, with no commas preceding them.
Occasionally a clause of comparison appears in initial position for emphasis or
for a particular stylistic effect
Reference
Frank,
Marcella. a practical reference guide. 1962.
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